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Medieval Kingdoms in Europe

Teacher: Katie
Horizontales
The power of the English ....... was enlarged during the reign of Henry II, from 1154 to 1189.
Frederick I planned to get his chief revenues from ........
This was the individual combat between two knights during tournaments, and by the 12th century this had become the main part of the tournament.
In the Middle Ages, European feudal society was dominated by men whose chief concern was...
Frederick I considered Italy the center of a "....... empire."
This was a code of ethics that knights were supposed to uphold.
On the Medieval Manor, a good harvest of ....... for making bread was crucial to survival in the winter months.
Knights fought one another during these (when they weren't fighting on the battlefield).
Medieval knights had great social prestige and formed the backbone of the European......
A Viking leader who settled in Kiev at the beginning of the 10th century and created the Rus state known as the Principality of Kiev.
In the 10th century, the powerful dukes of the Saxons became kings of the eastern Frankish kingdom, which came to be known as ...........
This empire began to fall apart as a result of internal and external threats from invaders such as Muslims, Vikings, and Magyars.
From the 1000s on, craftspeople began to organize themselves into these business associations.
Under feudalism, a man who served a lord in a military capacity.
Known to history as "the Conqueror," this Duke of Normandy proved adept as seizing political opportunities.
In Medieval Europe, an agricultural estate that a lord ran and peasants worked.
In ....... came the slaughter of excess livestock because there was usually not enough food to keep the animals alive all winter.
In this book, the first census was taken in Europe since the time of the Romans.
A political and social order that developed during the Middle Ages where nobles offered protection and land in return for service.
Verticales
Beginning in 911, the ruler of the west Frankish lands gave one band of Vikings land at the mouth of the Seine River, forming a region of France that came to be known as...
Under feudalism, a grant of land made to a vassal.
At the Battle of ......., William of Normandy and his knights defeated King Henry and his foot soldiers.
In Medieval Europe, a wealthy, powerful landowner.
The need for security encouraged the growth of this type of society.
The western Slavs eventually formed the .......... and Bohemian kingdoms.
The ...... Carta, or "Great Charter", gave written recognition to the fact that the relationship between king and vassals was based on mutual rights and obligations.
In the 13th century, they conquered Russia.
Feudalism came to be characterized by a set of unwritten rules known as the feudal.....
This type of law became uniform in all of England and replaced law codes that varied from place to place.
This great ruler died in 814.
Related to the German word that means "a walled enclosure," this refers to the middle class, including merchants, industrialists, and professional people.
Unlike earlier plows, this heavy, wheeled plow, drawn by six or eight oxen, easily turned over heavy clay soils.
The southern Slavic peoples included the Croats, the Serbs, and the ............
Italian cities, such as ......., developed a mercantile fleet and became major trading centers in the Mediterranean.
In the 9th and 10th centuries, Western Europe was beset by these.
In the 1000s and 1100s, Europe experienced a revival of ...... and an associated growth of towns and cities.
King John was forced to sign the Magna ....... in 1215.
In Medieval Europe, a peasant legally bound to the land who had to provide labor services, pay rents, and be subject to the lord's control.