A non-protein-coding sequence that intervenes between protein-coding sequences
Type of mutation where a nucleotide change produces a codon for a different amino acid
Scientist who invented sequencing through
enzymatic synthesis of a complementary DNA strand to the
one to be analyzed; also name of sequencing
If Cro wins, it leads to this pathway that results in cell death
Name of Repressor which binds promoter in response to widespread DNA damage
Refers to the different ways of assembling exons. This explains why the number of known human proteins greatly exceeds the number of genes (2 words)
This is one stop codon, in addition to UGA and UAG
Group of genes that encode enzymes for tryptophan; regulated by the trp repressor; group of genes is expressed when tryptophan levels are low and repressed when they are high (2 words)
Small molecule or protein that binds an activator or repressor and causes a conformational change that increases or decreases its function
If CI wins, it leads to this pathway where the cell is not killed
The bond linking two nucleotides in a DNA or RNA polymer
Chemical used in experiments to see if the lac genes are on or not; turned blue in presence of B-gal
Phosphodiester reactions are catalyzed by this complex of 5 snRNPs, snRNAs, and other proteins
Eukaryotes have these instead of sigma factors, and they are functionally analogous to sigma factors because they help the polymerase recognize and bind to where the transcription should start
Made up of rRNA and proteins; used in translation; In eukaryotes it is made of 40S and 60S subunits
Sugar and base (with no phosphate)
These bonds between bases hold two DNA strands together; there are three of these bonds between G and C
A bacterial group of genes with a single promoter that encode proteins that allow the bacteria to use lactose as an energy source (2 words)
Once a signal ____ binds to a transmembrane receptor, the receptor can recruit a G protein
Sequence of three nucleotides that corresponds with a specific amino acid or stop signal during translation
_____-galactosidase is made by the lacZ gene and will turn x-gal blue