Technique that cooks food by surrounding it with hot, dry air in the oven; as the outer layers of the
food become heated, the food’s natural juices turn to steam and are absorbed into the food.
Technique that cooks food by surrounding it with hot, dry air in the oven; as the outer layers of the food
become heated, the food’s natural juices turn to steam and are absorbed into the food.
This method cooks food rapidly in a small amount of fat over relatively high heat, keeping water and
vitamin loss at a low while gaining a high degree of color and fl avor.
Completely submerging food in a liquid that is at a constant, moderate temperature. Simmering cooks
items at a slightly higher temperature than other moist-heat methods, 185°F to 205°F (85°C to 96°C).
A breading has the same components as batter, but they are not blended together. A standard
breading would be seasoned all-purpose fl our and an egg-and-milk dip.
Heat created when the heat from a source is absorbed by one material and then radiated out to the
food. For example, the fl ame in a broiler heats the tiles in the broiler, which radiate the heat to the food. Infrared
waves affect the exterior of food, with the heat on the outside of the food spreading inward through conduction.
The result is that the outside of the food browns.
Method of cooking in which a food item is breaded or coated with batter, immersed (completely
covered) in hot fat, and fried until it is done.
A mixture of the primary dry ingredient (wheat fl our, all-purpose fl our, corn meal, rice fl our), the liquid
(beer, milk, wine, water), and a binder (generally egg), which helps the mixture adhere to a product.
A variation of boiling in which food is partially cooked (also called parcooking) and then fi nished
later. Cooks frequently use blanching to pre-prepare vegetables. Blanching is a two-step process:
Cooking food in a simmering liquid between 160°F and 180°F (71°C and 82°C).
Deep-frying method for certain food that needs to be fully submerged in hot oil for a
longer period of time in order to develop a crisp crust. In this method, the food item is placed in a basket, and
then another basket is fi tted on top of the fi rst; the top basket keeps the food from fl oating to the surface of the oil.
Quickly removing food items from boiling water and plunging them into an ice bath to halt the cooking
process.
The amount of time it takes oil to reheat to the correct cooking temperature once food is added.
The transfer of heat from one item to another when the items come into direct contact with each other;
sometimes the heat is transferred to the air or from surface to surface.
A rapid cooking method that uses high heat from a source located above the food; broiled food
becomes browned on the top.
Like sautéing, this is a quick-cooking, dry-heat method, in which food is cooked over a very high heat,
generally in a wok with little fat, and stirred quickly.
French for “under vacuum,” this is a cooking method in which food is cooked for a long time,
sometimes well over 24 hours. Food is placed in airtight plastic bags in water that is hot but well below boiling
point. This cooks the food using precisely controlled heating, at the temperature at which it should be served.