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Female Internal Organs

Horizontales
• The ovarian follicles are small sacs filled with fluids and located inside the ovary (Swanson 2016) • The functions of ovarian follicles include the maturation and release of oocyte (Swanson 2016) • The ovarian follicles also create an enabling environment for the transport of female gametes (Swanson 2016) • The ovarian follicles secrete hormones responsible for the regulation of menstrual cycle
• The ovarian follicles are small sacs filled with fluids and located inside the ovary (Swanson 2016) • The functions of ovarian follicles include the maturation and release of oocyte (Swanson 2016) • The ovarian follicles also create an enabling environment for the transport of female gametes (Swanson 2016) • The ovarian follicles secrete hormones responsible for the regulation of menstrual cycle
• The fallopian tubes are muscular structures forming part of the paramesonephric duct connecting the peritoneal cavity and the uterine cavity (Arizona 2017) • The fallopian tubes are responsible for transporting the ova from the ovary to the uterus (Arizona 2017) • After fertilisation, the fallopian tube transport the fertilised egg to be implanted in the uterus • The functions of the fallopian tubes are enhanced by the structure as follows; • The inner mucosa contains linings of ciliated epithelial cells and peg cells which move the ovum to the uterus (Arizona 2017) • The muscle layers are smooth; their contraction influence the movement of ova and sperm • The other four significant structures include; fimbriae which receive the ovum from the ovary, infundibulum to which the fimbriae are attached, ampulla where fertilisation occurs, and isthmus which connects the structure to the uterine cavity (Arizona 2017)
• The vagina is a muscular tube which originates from the posterior opening to the cervix (Arizona 2017) • The vaginal walls are situated laterally (two walls), posteriorly and anteriorly. Anteriorly, it is boarded by lower two thirds of urethra and base of the bladder, posteriorly by the anterior rectal wall and pouch of Douglas, and laterally by pelvic cellular tissue, and bulbocavernosus muscle (Arizona 2017). • The vagina enhances sexual intercourse by receiving the penis (Arizona 2017) • The vagina expands to allow childbirth (Arizona 2017) • The vagina is the canal for expelling menstrual flows outside the body (Arizona 2017)
• Thick walled, pear shaped muscular organ contained in the pelvic cavity between the rectum and the base of the bladder; it is anteflexed and anteverted (Swanson 2016) • The major function of the uterus is that it provides an accommodation through implantation and nourishment for the blastocyst, embryo and foetus. • The uterus consists of fundus, serosa, corpus, isthmus, internal and external vaginal orifice, the cervix, myometrium and endometrium (Swanson 2016).
Verticales
• The corpus luteum is located within the ovary. This endocrine structure is formed from the cells of the ovarian follicle during the phase of ovulation (Swanson 2016) • The functions of corpus luteum depends on whether the egg is fertilised or not • If the egg is not fertilised, corpus luteum inhibits the secretion of progesterone and then its structure degenerates into corpus albicans (Swanson 2016) • If the egg is fertilised, corpus luteum is signalled by the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) to continue secreting progesterone which is used in thickening the lining of the uterus to enhance the development of the zygote (Swanson 2016)
• Ovaries are the internal female reproductive organ that produces ovum; ovaries are pinkish grey in colour and oval in shape and they are located on both lateral pelvic walls (Swanson 2016). • The main functions of ovaries include the production of eggs and hormones (Swanson 2016) • The ovaries protect ovum and release them for possible fertilisation • The ovaries also secrete hormones like oestrogen and progesterone which enhance the physical development of female reproductive organs to conceive a baby (Swanson 2016)
• The endometrium is found within the uterus; it is the innermost lining of the uterus. The endometrium has a single-layered prismic epithelium with unevenly distributed cilia. The epithelium also contains basal lamina, glandular tissues and a stroma with extensive vasculature system (Arizona 2017). • The functions of the endometrium include: cyclic alterations of the uterine blood vessels and uterine glands during menstrual cycle in preparation for implantation. • The endometrium also serves a site for blastocyst implantation. The endometrium also forms the maternal part of placenta that nourishes the foetus (Arizona 2017).
• The cervix is located in the lower part of the uterus; it is the gateway between the vagina and the uterus (Swanson 2016) • The cervix enhances the passage of sperms into the uterus through the dilation of the external and internal os (Swanson 2016) • The cervix keeps the reproductive sterile by preventing entry of bacteria into the uterine structure (Swanson 2016)
• Ovaries are the internal female reproductive organ that produces ovum; ovaries are pinkish grey in colour and oval in shape and they are located on both lateral pelvic walls (Swanson 2016). • The main functions of ovaries include the production of eggs and hormones (Swanson 2016) • The ovaries protect ovum and release them for possible fertilisation • The ovaries also secrete hormones like oestrogen and progesterone which enhance the physical development of female reproductive organs to conceive a baby (Swanson 2016)