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FPRS THE BIG ONE 2021 Chapter 16 Fire Streams

Horizontales
Polar solvents – Flammable liquids that ___ readily with water including
Advantage of using compressed-air foam (CAFS) Foam produced ________ well to vertical surfaces
Foam Injection systems are commonly employed in apparatus-mounted o_____ fire protection system applications
Class B foam concentrates are manufactured from either a synthetic or ________base
NFPA® 1963 – Established ___ general categories
Class B – Intended for use on flammable______
To ______Water Hammer slowly close a. Nozzles b. Hydrants c. Control valves d. Hose clamps
Fire stream must deliver volume of water sufficient to ______ heat faster than fire generates heat
_______-expansion foam Typically used in confined spaces
Instructors first name
Greatest horizontal reach Under ideal circumstances – Attained at 45 degrees from horizontal plane In _______ operation – Are angles between 30 and 34 degrees
Water broken into small particles or droplets absorbs heat, converts to steam more ______
_________(penetrating) nozzles Used to extinguish fires in i. Attics Basements & Other confined spaces
___-expansion foam Air/solution ratio up to 20 parts finished foam for every part of foam solution (20-to-1 ratio)
The smooth bore nozzle tip size should not be larger than______the diameter of the hose.(2wds)
Friction loss in fire hose _______ by a. Rough linings in fire hose b. Damaged hose couplings c. Sharp bends in hose d. Number of adapters e. Length of hose lay f. Hose diameter
Fire Fighting Foam ________ Prevents air from reaching fuel and mixing with vapors and prevents release of flammable vapors, reducing possibility of ignition, reignition
A Constant __________ fog nozzle has an Adjustable pattern, constant discharge rate throughout range of patterns at desired nozzle pressure
_____ foam eductors iMost common type of foam proportioner used in fire service
When water turns to steam in upper layer of hot smoke and fire gases, upper layer tends to ______
Concentrates may be mildly irritating to skin and____
When water flows from smooth bore nozzle, it creates force in direction of stream and equal force in ________ direction
One person can _______ smooth bore nozzle on 11⁄2-inch (38 mm) or smaller hoseline
_________ needed to produce adequate amount of foam bubbles to form effective foam blanket
Water vaporized into _____ expands a. At 212°F (100°C) expands approximately 1,700 times original volume
__________expansion foam Used at ratio of 20-to-1 to 200-Used to suppress vapors from hazardous materials spills when applied at expansion ratios of 30-to-1 and 55-to-1
______ Method Directs foam stream on ground near front edge of burning liquid spill (2wds)
Verticales
Fog stream – Fine spray composed of tiny water _______
Most foam concentrates intended to be _____ with 94 to 99.9 percent water
Rain-Down MethodDirects stream into____ above fire or spill and allows foam to float gently down onto surface of fuel
Type of nozzle determines shape of fire stream ______ bore nozzle produces solid stream
Mechanical______generator Similar in appearance to smoke ejector
Use _____setting on fog nozzle, remove internal debris –
Water Hammer Creates excessive ______
_______ loss – Part of total water pressure lost while forcing water through pipes, fittings, fire hose, adapters
______ stream Flows from 40 to 350 gpm
Biodegradability of foam is determined by rate at which environmental bacteria cause it to decompose Decomposition process results in consumption of ______
Foam_______ can be applied to suppress vapors, seperate fuel from oxygen
Limits horizontal distance
________heat – Amount of energy required to increase the temperature of a substance by one degree
________ film forming foam (AFFF) and film forming fluoroprotein foam (FFFP) may be applied with Fog nozzles
Nozzle pressure of 50 psi (350 kPa) – Will produce fire streams from smooth bore nozzles with good ______ and volume
Solid stream of water has ______ surface area, absorbs heat less efficiently
Rotary control valve – Found only on rotary control fog nozzles Commonly found in __________ cabinets attached to occupant-use hoselines
Class B especially effective on two basic categories of flammable liquids – Hydrocarbon fuels and_____ solvents
Fog nozzles ______ to operate at variety of nozzle pressures, for most fog nozzles is 100 psi (700 kPa)
In-line eductors use the_______Principle to draft foam concentrate into the water stream
Fire stream – Stream of water or extinguishing _______ , after it leaves fire hose until it reaches desired target
Any fog pattern will have a maximum reach with ______pressure of 100 psi (700 kPa) is standard
Solid steam patterns have greater reach than straight, ___, broken patterns
Abu
______valve – Most common nozzle control valve
Compressed-_____ foam systems (CAFS) Mounted on many types of fire fighting apparatus