The large areas of the West that were open to cattle drives across many different properties-not fenced in (closed range).
organization that fought for farmers' rights and lifestyles.
Major cattle route from San Antonio, Texas through Oklahoma to Kansas.
A decrease in the money supply and overall lower prices prevail-especially hurting the farmers' crop prices.
The mail delivery system in which messengers transported mail on horseback across the country, which involved switching riders and horses very often, and chancing dangers such as attacking Indians, or storms.
An attack by U.S. troops in 1864 on Cheyenne Indians in eastern Colorado in which more than a hundred Indians were killed, despite a white surrender flag (mostly women and children).
The movement of American settlers, Native Americans, and many different immigrant groups across the Mississippi River to the vast areas of unsettled territories for various reasons.
African American settlers (former slaves) in the West from the South.
Sturdy cattle accustomed to dry grasslands in the Midwest-originally from Texas.
farmer who founded the Grange.
railroad from Sacramento California heading East.
Last great victory for the Sioux Indians, in which they defeated and killed Colonel George Armstrong Custer and his entire 7th Calvary.
Leader of the 7th Calvary that were all killed at the Battle of the Little Bighorn.
A religious movement by the western Native americans predicting the defeat of the white man and a return to glory for the Native Americans.
The movement of cattle herds to cow towns and railroads, to be shipped to new grazing lands in the Midwest or West, or to markets in the East