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Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Hannah Lehrer MSN, RN
Horizontales
Hypoxemia is reduced oxygenation of arterial _______.
In people who smoke, __________ is the most common cause of chronic cough, although lung cancer must always be considered.
An incentive ____________ can help prevent atelectasis.
With hypoventilation, carbon _________ is not expelled therefore causing respiratory acidosis.
Turning the color blue from lack of oxygen.
The presence of air or gas in the pleural space caused by visceral pleura.
Normal breathing, rate 12-20 that is rhythmic and effortless.
A subjective experience of breathing discomfort, often described as breathlessness, air hunger, shortness of breath (SOB), labored breathing, and preoccupation with breathing.
Collapse of lung tissue.
High respiratory rate, rate higher than 20.
Slow respiratory rate, rate less than 12 is considered ____________.
A pleural ________ is the presence of fluid in the pleural space.
An _______ is an infected pleural effusion where the pleural space is filled with pus.
Pulmonary _______ is an excessive amount of fibrous or connective tissue to the lung.
Strenuous exercise or metabolic _________ induces Kussmaul respirations.
Persistent abnormal dilation of the bronchi associated with cystic fibrosis in children and chronic bronchitis in adults. Most common clinical manifestation is a chronic productive cough.
A _______ is a protective reflex that helps clear the airways by an explosive expiration.
Hemopytsis means coughing up ______.
Verticales
Low levels of carbon dioxide.
Spontaneous pneumothorax is caused by the rupture of ____ usually found in healthy individuals, usually men 20-40 years old.
Increased levels of CO2.
The ________ volume is how many mL's of air that is inspired into the lungs.
________-_______ respirations are characterized by alternating deep and shallow respiration and are seeing in dying patients or those with a brain stem injury.
Pink frothy sputum, a form of hemoptysis, is indicative of ________ ______.
During ___________, too much CO2 is expired causing respiratory alkalosis.
In ________ pneumothorax, the site of pleural rupture acts as a one way valve, drawing air in but not letting it out, as the pressure builds it displaces the heart and lungs. Is a medical emergency!
Selctive bulbous enlargement of the end segment of the fingers and toes in those with pulmonary disease due to chronic hypoxia.
___________ drainage syndrome is the most common cause of chronic cough in individuals who do not smoke.
Hypoxia is reduced oxygen to the cells and _________.
______ chest results from fracture of several consecutive ribs, when the patient inspires the ribs go in, and the ribs go out on expiration.