A window frame should not be directly placed over masonry. It is placed over 50 mm to 75 mm thick plain concrete courses provided over the masonry.
Buildings that are used for storing goods on behalf of other companies.
Stone beams provided over the door and window openings to transfer the load transversely so as to see that the door or window frame is not stressed unduly.
Privacy of a building with respect to other buildings and the things outside the building- such as streets, roads, etc., is external privacy.
Also called Built up area.
This field is concerned with the study of the necessary methods and techniques of environment protection as well as the availability of the basic life elements such as water and air with a specific level of quality to protect mankind's health and environment.
Consists of the application of fluid mechanics to water flowing in an isolated environment (pipe, pump) or in an open channel (river, lake, ocean).
Top most portion of the building which provides top cover to the building.
A professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including public works such as roads, bridges, canals, dams, airports, sewage systems, pipelines, structural components of buildings, and railways.
One that is defined primarily by its function or use.
Any building in which a minimum of 50 persons gathers for recreational, amusement, social, religious, patriotic purposes
Provided to get light and ventilation in the building.
Give access to different rooms in the building and to deny access whenever necessary.
Storage facilities are distribution centers dedicated to food items like meat, produce, and dairy.
Building is a non-commercial structure where people live, such as a house, apartment, or condominium.
Buildings have more than one usage and can accommodate a R and D facility, an office set up, light manufacturing and even showroom spaces.
The projection given outside the wall to protect doors and windows from the rain.
Transfer the load of the structure vertically downwards to transfer it to foundation.