Movimento de substâncias através da membrana celular contra o gradiente de concentração, com gasto de energia (geralmente ATP).
Película fina que delimita a célula, responsável por controlar a entrada e saída de substâncias. É composta por uma bicamada de fosfolipídios e proteínas.
Propriedade da membrana plasmática de permitir a passagem de algumas substâncias enquanto impede a passagem de outras, de acordo com as necessidades da célula
Processo de transporte passivo em que moléculas ou íons se movem de uma região de maior concentração para uma de menor concentração, através da membrana.
Moléculas que formam a estrutura básica das membranas celulares. Possuem uma "cabeça" hidrofílica (atraída por água) e duas "caudas" hidrofóbicas (repelidas por água).
Verticales
Mecanismo de transporte ativo que move íons de sódio (Na⁺) para fora da célula e íons de potássio (K⁺) para dentro, mantendo o potencial elétrico da membrana
Malha filamentosa formada por glicídios ligados a proteínas da membrana plasmática, que atua na proteção e reconhecimento celular.
Difusão de água através de uma membrana semipermeável, de uma região de menor concentração de solutos (hipotônica) para uma de maior concentração de solutos (hipertônica).
Termo que designa tanto a membrana plasmática quanto as membranas internas da célula, que dividem o citoplasma em compartimentos
Movimento de substâncias através da membrana celular sem gasto de energia, ocorrendo a favor do gradiente de concentração (da região mais concentrada para a menos concentrada).
Modelo proposto por Singer e Nicolson que descreve a membrana celular como uma bicamada de fosfolipídios com proteínas embutidas, que podem se mover lateralmente, conferindo fluidez à membrana.
Processo em que a célula internaliza partículas ou líquidos do meio externo, formando bolsas membranosas.
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