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Week 1, introduction and Marbury

Horizontales
The __________ plan would have established a unicameral legislature with states equally represented. The legislature would be able to levy taxes, regulate commerce, and compel state compliance with national policies. There would be a plural executive that was removable by a majority of state legislatures; this plan included no provision for the judiciary. (Two words, no space)
The ___________ or Great Compromise established a bicameral legislature, with representation in the House based on state population and equal representation across states in the Senate. The enumerated powers of Congress are listed in Article I Section 8 of the Constitution.
The practice in some appellate courts (not ours) for each judge to write and deliver individual opinions detailing his or her views of a case, as opposed to having a single opinion delivered by the Justice on behalf of the court.
A ____________ concurrence is filed when a Justice agrees with the outcome of a case but not the reasoning.
This type of brief is filed by a third party (government / partisan institution or group of officials, individual, or interest group) who is not one of the parties to the case. It can be filed to encourage (or discourage) the Court from taking a case, or to argue one side or the other. (two words, no space)
The doctrine that only Congress can pass law; the law-making powers become an issue when discerning a line between an agency regulation (agencies in the executive branch interpret the law and pass rules and regulations to enforce it) and the sometimes relatively vague laws enacted Congress.
The first government of the U.S., the Articles of _______________, established a confederacy in which Congress lacked the power to make treaties, compel states to meet military quotas, regulate interstate and foreign commerce, collect taxes directly from people, compel states to contribute to paying for government expenses, and provide and maintain a monetary system.
____________ of powers governs relations among branches of government.
This rule says that plurality (as opposed to majority) opinions do not serve as precedent.
Verticales
The process of applying a right (usually in the Bill of Rights, but any fundamental right) to protect individuals not only from federal action, but also from state action.
This compromise provision / clause of the Constitution had the practical effect of giving more representation in Congress and in the Electoral College to slave states. (two words, no space)
Norm that it requires the agreement of at least 4 Justices to agree to hear a case.
Marbury v. Madison established this principle. (two words, no space)
When a case has been decided by other means, it is __________.
This is the doctrine that decisions should be based on precedent. (two words, no space)
After Marbury v. Madison (1803), the next time a federal law was overturned as unconstitutional was in this 1857 case. (two words, no space)
The _________ Plan would hae established a bicameral legislature with two chambers, both with representation based on population, and with veto authority over state legislation. The executive and judicial branches would be elected by the legislature, and the executive would be limited to a single term.
A system in which there are two or more levels of government that have sovereignty over the same territory.
The Amendment that was designed to reduce the likelihood that the President and Vice President were from opposing factions/parties.