Conceptos de Clase de Política Arancelaria. Lic Oscar Sierra
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Horizontales
Instrumento proteccionista y de captación de recursos bajo la figura de impuestos utilizado por el Estado mediante el cual define la estructura arancelaria que gravará las operaciones de comercio exterior.
Su objetivo incidir, de alguna manera sobre la orientación, estructura y volumen del comercio exterior
Instrumento estatal de alcance tributario que comprende el ordenamiento sistemático de las mercancías.
Se considera toda intervención del Gobierno en la producción y el comercio con excepción de los aranceles son dos tipos barreras sanitarias y barreras técnicas.
Un exportador ofrece un bien o servicio a un precio inferior al precio corriente de mercado.
Es un sistema estructurado, ordenado y progresivo de clasificación.
Arancel que se impone en términos de carga o cobros monetarios específicos por unidad o cantidad de mercancías.
Busca proteger las industrias nacionales de la competencia extranjera y contribuir a incrementar los ingresos fiscales.
Restringe temporalmente las importaciones de un producto para proteger a una rama de la producción nacional específica de un aumento de las importaciones de un producto.
Determinan la procedencia nacional de un producto su utilización se da al otorgar preferencias arancelarias.
Son medidas declaradas como garantia de calidad, en defensa de los consumidores, salud pública o el medio ambiente.
Política conocida como la apertura, una baja general de aranceless
Regular la importación de carros usados con una antiguedad de 10%
Eliminación progresiva y cronológica de los aranceles de importación aplicados a mercancías originarias
Arancel que se aplica cuando se otorgan a un país que se incorpora a un TLC
Verticales
Consejo de ministro de integración ecónomica.
Leche, madera, carne, azucar
Política que pretende favorecer la producción y el empleo interno utilizando la alza de los aranceles.
Exceso de gasto público o del Estado, no hay capacidad de pago de deuda y los gastos sobrepasan los ingresos.
Es la carga que se aplica a los bienes objetos de importación
Es un arancel que se impone en términos de porcentajes.
Limitación de la cantidad o el valor de productos que se pueden importar.
Asistencia financiera del gobierno a un producto nacional
Arancel que combina advalorem y específicos
Mercado Comun Centroamericano.
Grupo técnico coordinado por la Dirección general de integración económica y política comercial analiza solicitudes que presentan la industria nacional sobre clasificación y aperturas.
Derechos Arancelarios a la importación
Maquinaria, equipos electrónicos, herramientas
Son lo que los países prometen imponer a las importaciones de otros miembros de la OMC.
Se aplica a los bienes considerados de lujo.
Impuesto de la forma del valor agregado se aplica 15% y 18% en cigarrillos y bebidas
Organización Mundial de Comercio
Organización Mundial de Aduanas
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