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Antiepileptic Drugs

Horizontales
Schedule V controlled substance; uses include partial seizures, neuropathic pain, and fibromyalgia
Seizures originating simultaneously in both cerebral hemispheres (2 words)
Its indicated for partial seizures and secondarily generalized seizures; give with food
Adjunct therapy for partial seizures; give with food; report tremors, rash, or abdominal pain
Indicated for simple or complex partial seizures; generalized tonic-clonic seizures; also used for treatment of bipolar disorder; serious adverse effect Steven-Johnson syndrome
A recording of the electrical activity that arises from spontaneous currents in nerve cells in the brain
Water-soluble phenytoin derivative; carries black box warning regarding cardiac monitoring and rate of administration; place on fall precautions due to ataxia and dizziness
Associated with autoinduction of hepatic enzymes; contraindicated with bone marrow depression; monitor CBC for anemias; do not give with grapefruit
Indicated for generalized absence seizures; perform baseline neurological assessment
Verticales
Overgrowth of gum tissue and often a side effect of phenytoin (2 words)
This medication required a thorough neurological assessment; in addition to use for seizures, it can be used for neuralgia and neuropathic pain and prevent migraines; taper off doses over one week to avoid rebound seizures
Indicated as an adjunct therapy for partial seizures; common adverse effects are CNS related with most common being sleepiness; report suicidal ideation immediately
Adjunct therapy for partial and secondarily generalized seizures; can cause angle-closure glaucoma; must report visual changes immediately; drug interactions with oral contraceptives
Substances that prevent or reduce the severity of epileptic or convulsive seizures
Most commonly used antiepileptic historically used; causes excessively drowsiness; abrupt withdrawal must be avoided; can cause respiratory depression
Used for the treatment of absence, myoclonic, tonic-clonic seizures, and bipolar disorder; adverse effects hepatotoxicity and pancreatitis; highly protein-bound drug
Seizures originating in a more localized region of the brain (2 words)