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Introduction to Drain, Waste, and Vent (DWV)

Horizontales
An access point to connected parts of the drainage system for the removal of blockages
Tees installed as test locations for pressurizing the DWV system to test for leaks before placing it in operation
A flaky, adherent coating on pipe walls resulting from the corrosion of metals, especially iron or steel. Also, a heavy oxide coating on copper or copper alloys resulting from exposure to high temperatures and oxygen
The natural change from liquid to vapor of water at a temperature below its boiling point
Bend fitting with a short radius used at the base of a DWV stack and elsewhere
Fittings used to enlarge the diameter of vent stacks. They are usually placed at least 1' below the penetration of the stack through the roof. Their use is regulated by code
Loss of water in a trap seal started by unequal pressure inside and outside DWV piping. The water initially flows in the direction of the lower pressure. Sustained siphonage, even in the absence of pressure differences, results from the cohesive property of water
Fittings used to connect separate vent stacks to the lower ends of soil and waste stacks
A general term for certain vertical DWV pipes, including offsets of soil, waste, vent, or inside conductor piping. This does not include vertical fixture and vent branches that do not extend through the roof or that pass through not more than two stories before being reconnected to the vent stack or stack vent
When referring to DWV and especially sewer systems, the slope of a run of pipe. Also referred to as slope or percent of grade
Devices designed and installed so as to separate and retain deleterious, hazardous, or undesirable matter from normal waste, while permitting normal sewage or liquid wastes to discharge into the drainage system by gravity
The level of the surface of water flowing in a partially-full pipe by gravity alone
Fittings used to connect DWV branches to the main DWV system and to serve as cleanouts
When referring to plumbing, a ledge or lip in a fixture that controls the level of water inside the fixture. The word comes from Old English, meaning dam
A situation in which one trap is attached to another, creating negative pressure that stops the intended flow of drainage
Verticales
Traps with long downstream legs, which tend to promote siphonage. S-traps are no longer permitted by code for new installations but are still found in older buildings
Fittings that join pipes of different sizes or materials, such as copper and galvanized pipe or cast-iron and plastic pipe
A fitting that combines a wye and 1⁄8 bend. It is used to connect horizontal branch lines that intersect other horizontal branch lines. It offers less resistance to the flow of material than a sanitary tee. Also called a tee-wye
Fittings installed in the drainage sections of the DWV system to remove waste from a building
Lengths of pipe that continue in a straight line
Openings in ell or tee fittings at right angles to the line of the run, used to connect smaller lines to the main line
Drainage fittings, shaped like the letter Y, that join branches to the main run of pipe at an angle
Semi-liquid matter that settles out in a holding tank during the waste treatment process.
Wastewater generated from domestic processes other than human-waste disposal. These include laundry, dishwashing, and bathing. Graywater comprises 50 to 80 percent of residential wastewater
The amount of slope given to horizontal runs of pipe expressed as a height in inches per foot of run
A trap constructed in the shape of the letter P with the loop facing downward, which provides a water seal in a waste or soil pipe, used mostly at sinks and lavatories
Refers to the combined sanitary drainage and venting systems. This term is technically equivalent to soil-waste-vent (SWV).