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Perfusion Terms (Giddens)

Perfusion Concepts: This is not all-inclusive but a great way to test your knowledge of terms.
Horizontales
the area of perfusion describing blood that flows through arteries and capillaries to target tissues.
The amount of blood in the ventricles at the end of diastole, called the end diastolic pressure.
prevent blood clotting at several locations in the clotting cascade. (Examples: heparin, warfarin sodium, enoxaparin, dabigatran, and rivaroxaban)
have a positive inotropic effect with a lowering of heart rate to increase cardiac output and are used for the treatment of heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and cardiogenic shock. (EXAMPLE: DIGOXIN)
High levels of this cholesterol adhere to the endothelium obstructing blood flow.
Impaired tissue perfusion interfering with blood flow to tissue that is reversible
lack of oxygen to tissues causing irreversible cellular injury.
Node located at the top of the ventricles creating a coordinated impulse engine for rhythmic ventricular contraction.
__________ time: measures the adequacy of the extrinsic system and common pathways in the clotting mechanism, which include clotting factors I (fibrinogen), II (prothrombin), V, VII, and X.
The strength of myocardial contraction
The waveforms of this test detect cardiac dysrhythmias by documenting on a screen or paper the electrical impulses generated by the heart during contraction and relaxation of atria and ventricles.
Skin temperature may feel cool
unusual bleeding and bruising
decrease or vasoconstrict the diameter of blood vessels. (Examples: epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dobutamine.
Volume of blood ejected from each ventricle during contraction.
An assessment finding that the nurse auscultates the carotid artery for when a client with atherosclerosis or reports dizziness.
Verticales
This type of shock occurs when fluid is lost impairing local perfusion.
The phase of the cardiac cycle during which the ventricles contract is called systole
generated by cardiac output: This type of perfusion propels blood to all organs and their tissues from patent arteries through capillaries and returns the blood to the heart through patent veins.
These agents act by blocking electrolytes that affect electrical conduction in the heart, such as potassium (amiodarone) and calcium (diltiazem), or by blocking β-adrenergic receptors (atenolol).
Bundle of ___, a series of branches leading from the atrioventricular node to the purkinje fibers causing the ventricles to contract.
output of coordinated effects of electrical and mechanical factors that move blood through the heart into the peripheral vessels. 4-6 L/M in adult
prevent platelets from aggregating to form clots. (Examples: platelet aggregation inhibitors (aspirin and clopidogrel).
The phase of the cardiac cycle when ventricles fill with blood is called
excessive fluid in the interstitial spaces
Decreased levels of this put a person at risk for excessive bleeding.
decrease the levels of lipids that contribute to atherosclerosis and result in blood vessel occlusion by reducing the synthesis of cholesterol. (Example: Primary group, statins)
Contain valves to prevent backwards flow of blood, carry blood towards the heart.
used to monitor the effectiveness of anticoagulant therapy such as warfarin.
The function of this cholesterol is to remove lipids from the endothelium to provide a protective effect against heart disease.
disrupt blood clots that are impairing perfusion by lysing fibrin. (Breaking up the clot! examples: tissue plasminogen activator, alteplase, and urokinase)
transient loss of consciousness due to inadequate cerebral perfusion
enzyme present in myocardium
promote the formation and excretion of urine by preventing the reabsorption of sodium in the kidneys. (Examples include: Loop, Thiazide, Potassium Sparing, and Osmotic)
This vascular resistance is the cause of the inadequate blood flow to peripheral tissues that occurs with anaphylactic, neurogenic, or septic shock.
Produced by the liver- corelates to CK-MB peak levels but rises up to 3 days earlier, failure to normalize may indicate ongoing damage to the heart
measures the intrinsic system and common pathway of clot formation, which includes factors I (fibrinogen), II (prothrombin), V, VIII, IX, X, XI, and XII. Factors II, VII, IX, and X are vitamin K–dependent factors. Important with Heparin!
Abbreviation for the resistance to the ejected blood created by the diameter of blood vessels receiving the blood.