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Cardiovascular Emergencies

Horizontales
Defined as decreased blood flow and can cause chest pain or discomfort that is related to the heart.
This is the ultimate death of cardiac tissue.
Thus mnemonic helps to obtain symptoms as part of history taking.
This is an abnormality of the heart rhythm and can be referred to as ventricular fibrillation (VF).
Also known as the front.
This means to shock the heart with a specialized electric current in an attempt to stop the chaotic, disorganized contraction of the myocardial cells and allow to start again.
This is characterized by chest pain due to not enough oxygen and does not always mean an MI.
Referred to as inadequate blood flow to tissues.
Also known as the back.
Atherosclerosis can lead to this type of blockage of a coronary artery.
The upper chamber of the heart that receives incoming blood.
This is defined as the return of a pulse and effective blood flow to the body in a patient who previously was in cardiac arrest.
Refers to an ECG tracing with waves that are the result of interference such as patient movement, rather than the hearts electrical activity.
If ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation is uncorrected, it will lead to this.
Verticales
This mnemonic helps to obtain patient history and current problem.
Characterized by a unusually slow heart rate of 60 beats/min or less.
The lower part of the vena cava and carries blood from the abdomen, pelvis, and legs back to the right atrium.
A special muscle cell that is not found in any other type of muscle cells aside from cardiac. This is what allows a cardiac muscle cell to contract spontaneously.
Characterized by a rapid heart rate of 100 beats/min or more.
Referred to as adequate blood flow to tissues.
This is known as the widening of the coronary arteries.
This is characterized by fainting.
This heart muscle must maintain constant supply of oxygen and nutrients in order to properly pump blood around the body.
The body's main artery that receives the blood that is ejected from the left ventricle and delivers it to all the other arteries so they can carry blood to the tissue of the body.
The inside diameter of the artery.
This is the upper portion of the vena cava and carries blood from the head and arms back to the right atrium.
The lower chamber of the heart that pumps outgoing blood.