psychoactive drugs that result in an altered state of consciousness by increasing behavior and mental activity
the stage of sleep where a person experiences rapid eye movements, dreaming and paralysis of motor systems; EEGs show beta wave activity, which is also associated with an awake, conscious mind.
a level of consciousness that reflects a lack of awareness of the external world and inner mental activity
a highly focused, altered state of consciousness, when awareness of self and time diminishes due to being completely engrossed in an enjoyable activity
a disorder in which a person, while asleep, stops breathing because the throat closes; the condition results in frequent awakening during the night
the regulation of biological cycles into regular, daily patterns
Melatonin: a hormone that aids regulation of circadian rhythms; bright light reduces
a disorder in which a person experiences excessive sleepiness during normal waking hours, sometimes going limp and collapsing
second stage sleep, where a person is truly asleep; EEGs show K-complexes and sleep spindles, and there is much less conscious awareness of both the external work and inner mental activity.
a social interaction during which a person, responding to suggestions, experiences changes in memory, perception, and/or voluntary action
a physical and psychological aspect of addiction that occurs when a person experiences anxiety, tension, and cravings after stopping use of an addictive drug
compulsive drug craving and use, despite the negative consequences of using the drug
products of consciousness during sleep in which a person confuses images and fantasies with reality
psychoactive drugs that create an altered state of consciousness by reducing pain and producing pleasure