un gen, como por
ejemplo el que codifica el DNA
ribosómico, cuya secuencia de DNA
puede emplearse como medida temporal
comparativa de divergencia evolutiva.
determinación
experimental del parecido entre genomas mediante la medida del grado de
hibridación entre el DNA de un genoma
de un organismo y el de un segundo
organismo.
se define en microbiología como
un grupo de cepas que comparten las
mismas propiedades principales y que
difieren en al menos una característica
significativa de otros grupos de cepas; se
define filogenéticamente como
monofilética, grupos excluyentes en base
a su secuencia de DNA.
un método para la
identificación de organismos basado en
el análisis de los fragmentos de DNA
generados por digestión de sus
en el DNA de un
organismo, es el porcentaje del total del
total del ácido nucléico que consiste en
bases de guanina y citosina.
Verticales
descendencia con
modificación; variación en la secuencia
del DNA y la herencia de dicha variación.
el estudio de la diversidad de
los organismos y su parentesco; incluye
la taxonomía y la filogenia.
un oligonucleótido de
secuencia complementaria a una
secuencia firma de RNA ribosomal, a
veces marcado con fluorescencia
mediante su unión a un fluoróforo.
agrupación que incluye el ancestro común y todos sus descendientes, vivos o extintos. Estos conjuntos representan un grupo natural, pues su clasificación refleja la evolución del grupo.
es la ciencia de la identificación,
la clasificación y la nomenclatura.
teoría que propone que
una bacteria quimiorganótrofa y una
cianobacteria se incorporaron dentro de
otro tipo celular dando lugar
respectivamente a las mitocondrias y
cloroplastos de los modernos eucariotas
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